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§ Arithmetic·Grades 4–5

Long Division Worksheets

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Easy

10 problems

Medium

20 problems

Hard

20 problems

Mixed

30 problems

Free printable long division worksheets with step-by-step answer keys. Every worksheet is uniquely generated so students never see the same problems twice. Topics covered range from equal sharing, no remainder at the easy level through to larger divisors, decimal quotients at the advanced level.

CCSS.4.NBTCCSS.5.NBT

What is long division?

Long division is a systematic method for dividing large numbers by breaking the process into smaller, manageable steps. The algorithm involves repeatedly dividing, multiplying, subtracting, and bringing down digits until the entire dividend is processed. This method works with any divisor and produces exact quotients with remainders when necessary.

Why it matters

Long division appears in countless real-world calculations, from splitting a $240 restaurant bill among 8 friends ($30 each) to determining how many 12-inch tiles fit along a 156-inch wall (13 tiles). Construction workers use it to calculate material quantities, while bakers divide large recipe batches into smaller portions. The algorithm forms the foundation for polynomial division in algebra, decimal conversions in advanced arithmetic, and division algorithms in computer science. Medical professionals calculate dosages by dividing total medications among multiple doses, and financial planners use it for budget allocations. Students encounter long division requirements in CCSS.4.NBT standards for single-digit divisors and CCSS.5.NBT for two-digit divisors, building computational fluency essential for fraction operations, percentage calculations, and scientific notation in higher mathematics.

Common mistakes to watch for

  • ✗Forgetting to bring down the next digit results in incomplete division, such as calculating 156 ÷ 12 as 1 instead of 13
  • ✗Misaligning digits during subtraction leads to errors like computing 84 - 72 as 22 instead of 12 in the algorithm
  • ✗Estimating incorrectly causes wrong quotient digits, such as using 8 × 15 = 120 when dividing 127 ÷ 15 instead of the correct 8 × 15 = 120, remainder 7

Questions teachers ask

What's the difference between short division and long division?+
Short division works with single-digit divisors and keeps calculations mental, while long division handles any divisor size by writing out each multiplication and subtraction step. For example, 84 ÷ 7 uses short division, but 84 ÷ 12 requires the full long division algorithm with written work.
How do you check if a long division answer is correct?+
Multiply the quotient by the divisor, then add any remainder. The result should equal the original dividend. For 157 ÷ 12 = 13 R 1, check: (13 × 12) + 1 = 156 + 1 = 157. This verification confirms the division is accurate.
When should remainders be written as decimals?+
Convert remainders to decimals when the problem asks for an exact decimal answer or when working with measurements. For example, 25 ÷ 4 = 6.25 makes more sense than 6 R 1 when measuring 25 inches of rope cut into 4 equal pieces.
What if the divisor is larger than the first digit of the dividend?+
Look at more digits until finding a number the divisor fits into. For 384 ÷ 56, since 56 > 3 and 56 > 38, start with 384. The divisor 56 fits into 384 six times (6 × 56 = 336), giving quotient 6 with remainder 48.
Why does long division work with the bring-down method?+
Each step divides a portion of the number, and bringing down digits preserves place value. When dividing 728 ÷ 10, first divide 72 tens (getting 7 in the tens place), then bring down 8 ones to complete the division, maintaining the correct positional value throughout.
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Pick a difficulty

Click any level to open the generator with that difficulty pre-selected.

Beginner

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Concepts
Equal sharing, no remainder
Range
÷ 2–3, quotient 2–5
Steps
1–2 steps
Example
12 ÷ 3

Easy

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Concepts
Division by single digit, no remainder
Range
÷ 2–9, quotient 5–50
Steps
2–3 steps
Example
36 ÷ 4

Medium

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Concepts
Division with remainder or decimal
Range
÷ 2–12, quotient 10–80
Steps
3–4 steps
Example
25 ÷ 4

Hard

Generate →
Concepts
Larger divisors, decimal quotients
Range
÷ 11–25, quotient 15–60
Steps
4–5 steps
Example
480 ÷ 12

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